Polarization, Rhetoric & Political Consciousness: Implications of Partisanship

• In Event: How to Reduce Polarization

Abstract

A significant rise in partisan hostility, known as affective polarization, has occurred between political parties. While existing research links this to social identity and stereotypes about opposing parties, limited research examines the connection between social identity, partisan affiliations, and political actors. The role of political elites in intensifying electoral polarization is notably understudied. This study explores the connections between social identities, political affiliations, and elite behavior by introducing a party-centric social identity model rooted in elite communication and group consciousness. I introduce "partisan consciousness," extending the concept of racial group consciousness to political partisanship. I argue that like race or religion, partisan identity is a social identity, and group consciousness can illuminate aspects of partisan emotions often overlooked by traditional partisan identity frameworks. I contend that political elites can shape partisan consciousness through their choice of rhetoric (collectivistic vs. individualistic) and hierarchical position (national vs. local). A conjoint survey experiment will be conducted to empirically test these hypotheses using data from the 2023 CCES. This research offers valuable insights into the intricacies of partisan polarization and the pivotal role of political elites in molding public attitudes and behavior.

Author

• God'swill Osa, University of Texas at Austin