Drought of Tolerance: Climate Change and Intergroup Conflict in Africa

• In Event: The Political Psychology of Climate Change

Abstract

Does climate change lead to intergroup conflict, and if it does, what factors contribute to the escalation from climate change to conflict? While several studies find that climate change often increases the onset and intensity of conflict, regions with significant intergroup dependence or homogeneous groups show sustained cooperation. This study investigates whether climate change and its associated economic distress can affect intergroup tolerance, and what factors may shape the effects. Drawing upon original survey experiments in Northern Nigeria, along with spatial environmental data, public opinion surveys, and conflict data, this study reveals that climate change and its associated economic distress undermine intergroup tolerance, consequently exacerbating support for violent actions. Applying the concept of ‘ingroup love, outgroup hate’ from social psychology, this study provides a nuanced understanding of how climate change affects intergroup conflict. These findings contribute to the literature on climate change and intergroup conflict by emphasizing the intergroup dynamics in areas facing environmental challenges. This study also holds critical implications for policymakers, underscoring the complex nature of climate-induced conflict and the necessity for fostering social cohesion as part of climate change adaptation.

Author

• Jiyoung Kim, University of California, Los Angeles