Local Context in Climate-Conflict Linkages: Perspectives from Ghana

• In Event: Climate, Conflict and Crime: New Research on the Climate-Conflict Nexus

Abstract

Farmer-herder conflicts have soared in the past two decades in West Africa, presenting one of the most significant national and regional security threats. Although these conflicts are now more frequent and intense, we have little idea about the conflict drivers nor why they occur in some locations but not others. This study asks if climate change pressures can lead to farmer-herder conflict in one location but peaceful coexistence in another. If so, why? Using interviews with over 100 respondents in Ghana, it explores climate pressures' influence on farmer-herder conflicts. The analysis reveals climate pressures have a harmful effect on farmer-herder interactions and that local context is important in the relationships. The research challenges simplistic and deterministic assumptions about the climate-conflict link, emphasizing the multifaceted nature of causal linkages. It highlights the importance of considering the social embeddedness of resource-user stratifications and the influence of indigenous land allodial norms alongside climate exigencies. By providing empirical evidence and a nuanced understanding of the interplay between climate pressures, conflict, and local institutions, this research contributes valuable insights to the ongoing debates in this field. It prompts further exploration into the complexities of climate-conflict relationships and the need to consider the moderating role of context and local institutions in shaping conflict outcomes.

Author

• Daniel K Banini, Providence College