Digital Crossroads in Latin America: Tech's Impact on Democracy and Autocracy

• In Event: Surveillance Technologies in Democracies and Autocracies

Abstract

This study examines the profound impact of technology on political regimes in Latin America, revealing its role in both advancing democratic processes and reinforcing autocratic practices. The research juxtaposes the empowering effects of digital platforms in fostering civic engagement, political mobilization, and transparency with their use in surveillance, censorship, and misinformation by authoritarian regimes. Focusing on diverse Latin American countries, the study showcases how social media, mobile technology, and online activism have revolutionized political participation and public discourse in democratic contexts. Case studies from Chile, Argentina, and Mexico highlight technology's role in citizen empowerment and policy advocacy. Conversely, the analysis also uncovers how governments in Venezuela and Nicaragua, among others, utilize technology for controlling information and suppressing dissent. The research employs a mixed-methods approach, blending quantitative data on internet usage and digital literacy with qualitative insights from political activists, technology experts, and government officials. This methodology enables a comprehensive examination of technology's contrasting impacts across different political systems in the region. Findings from the study are poised to offer a nuanced perspective on the role of technology in Latin American politics. The goal is to inform policy on digital governance, emphasizing the need to maximize technology's democratic potential while curbing its use as a tool for autocratic entrenchment. This investigation is particularly relevant for policymakers, political scientists, and technologists, providing valuable insights into leveraging technology for democratic resilience in a region with a complex political landscape.

Author

• Jeff Tobin, Florida International University