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We evaluate the impact of recruitment and monitoring strategies for community-level service providers on their performance and characteristics. We propose a theory of public service provision in which selection procedures affect a worker's embeddedness and intrinsic motivation, which in turn shape workers' response to material (pay-for-performance) and non-material (pressure from community monitoring meetings) incentives. We then randomly manipulate the degree of community involvement in selecting and monitoring village-level animal health workers in a sample of 300 communities in Sierra Leone. We find that both material and non-material rewards can considerably improve the quality of service provision, while selection procedures do not seem to play a crucial role.